CURRICULUM FOR MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
This MBT Curriculum suggest by……
• Prof.
Shaikh Mizan, Head Department of Biochemistry, AKMMC
• Brig.
General KMIS Haider AFMC
• Prof.
Zinnat Ara Begum CME
• Dr.
Md. Zafor Sadique TMCC
• Dr.
A.K.M Asaduzzaman CME
• Dr.
Shahnaj Begum NICVD
• Dr.
Sazzad Bin Shahid DMC
• Dr.Md.
Rezaul Karim DMC
• Prof.
Dr Begum Rokeya BIRDEM-BIHR
• Dr.
Md. Sk Shahid Ullah NICVD
·
Degree MS
•
Course duration: Three years
•
Eligibility criteria: MBBS degree from any
recognized medical college, or Masters in related subjects as Pharmacy,
Bioechemistry, Molecular Biology, Virology, Microbiology, Genetic Engineering.
•
Course Divided into: Course Works for Two years
and Thesis for One year
•
Course Work divided into: four semesters (6
months each)
•
The department/program will help and cooperate
with other post-graduate departments to develop and update biotechnology
procedures and processes.
Semester Contents for Post
Graduate Course on MBT
First
semester:
•
Fermentation
Technology
•
Molecular
Analysis and Amplification Techniques
•
Bioinformatics
•
Recombinant
DNA Technology
Second
semester:
•
The
Expression of Foreign DNA in Bacteria
•
Downstream
Processing: Protein Extraction and Purification
•
Yeast
Cloning and Biotechnology
•
Cloning
Genes in Mammalian Cell-lines and Stem Cell Technology
Third
semester:
•
Transgenesis
and Gene Therapy
•
Genetically
Modified Foods & Biosafety
•
Protein
Engineering
•
Monoclonal
Antibodies
•
Vaccination and Gene Manipulation
Fourth
semester:
•
Molecular Diagnosis of Inherited Disease
•
Applicatiion of BT in Pharmaceutical Research
•
DNA in Forensic Science
•
Biosensors
•
Immobilization of Biocatalysts
Teaching / Learning strategy
Lecture
Demonstration
Seminars & Group discussion
Self-learning
Teaching Aids
THEORETICAL
Multimedia Projector
Computer and Internet
Board and marker
Models, Specimens
Study guides and manuals
Video tapes, TV, VCR, OHP
PRACTICAL
Given with each divisions
Assessment
In class assessments, Laboratory reports, Written and Oral
examination at the end of Semester:
Written -50
SOE- 50
In class assessments and assignments -25
OSPE –25
Practical -50
Pass Marks –120
1. Fermentation Technology
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
•
Have the knowledge of the fermentation process,
enzymes, metabolites, special products of fermentation, controlling and improving product formation.
•
Have the skill of growing microorganisms in bulk
amount, and control the conditions for optimization of the desired products,
particularly from recombinant organisms
|
1 Introduction
2 Microbial Growth
3 Applications of Fermentation
3.1 Microbial Biomass
3.2 Microbial Metabolites
3.3 Microbial Enzymes
3.4 Transformation Processes
3.5 Recombinant Products
4 The Fermentation Process
4.1 The Mode of Operation of Fermentation Processes
5 Genetic Improvement of Product Formation
5.1 Mutation
5.2 Recombination
|
Autoclave
Incubator
Waterbath
Centrifuge
Fermentor
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Presentation & Discussion-
10 hours
|
2. Molecular Analysis and Amplification Techniques
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Enzymes Used in Molecular Biology
2 Extraction and Separation of Nucleic Acids
2.1 DNA Extraction Techniques
2.2 RNA Extraction Techniques
3 Electrophoresis of Nucleic Acids
4 Restriction Mapping of DNA Fragments
5 Nucleic Acid Blotting and Hybridization
5.1 Hybridization and Stringency
6 Production of Gene Probes
6.2 Non-radioactive DNA Labelling
6.3 End Labelling of DNA
6.4 Random Primer Labelling of DNA
6.5 Nick Translation labelling of DNA
7.1 Stages and Components of the PCR
7.2 Thermostable DNA Polymerases
7.3 Primer Design in the PCR
7.4 PCR Amplification Templates
7.5 Sensitivity of the PCR
7.6 Modifications of the PCR
7.7 Applications of the PCR
8 Alternative Amplification Techniques
9 Nucleotide Sequencing of DNA
9.1 Dideoxynucleotide Chain Terminators
9.2 Direct PCR Sequencing
9.3 Cycle Sequencing
9.4 Automated Fluorescent DNA Sequencing
9.5 Maxam and Gilbert Sequencing
7 The Polymerase Chain Reaction
10 Bioinformatics and the Internet
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
3. Bioinformatics
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Databases
2.1 Sequence Databases
2.1.1 Nucleic Acid Sequence Databases
2.1.2 Protein Sequence Databases
2.1.3 Protein Family and Motif Databases
2.2 Genome Databases
2.3 Enzyme Databases
2.4 Literature Databases
2.4.1 Medline
2.4.2 BIDS Embase
2.4.3 BIDS IS1 Citation Indexes and Index to Scientific
and Technical Proceedings (ISTP)
3 Sequence Analysis
3.1 Sequence Database Searching
3.1.1 Keyword Searching
3.1.2 Database Scanning
3.2 Pairwise and Multiple Sequence Comparisons and
Alignments
3.2.1 Pairwise Comparisons
3.2.2 Multiple Sequence Alignments
3.2.3 Improving the Alignment
3.2.4 Profile Searching
3.3 Other Nucleic Acid Sequence Analysis
3.3.1 Gene Identification
3.3.2 Restriction Mapping
3.3.3 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)
4 Protein Structure
5 Mapping
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Linkage Analysis
5.3 Physical Mapping
5.4 Radiation Hybrids
5.5 Primer Design
6 Bioinformatics Sites and Centres
6.1 Local Bioinformatics Services
6.2 National EMBnet Nodes
6.3 Specialized Sites
7 Conclusion and Future Prospects
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
4. Recombinant DNA Technology
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Constructing Gene Libraries
2.1 Digesting Genomic DNA Molecules
2.2 Ligating DNA Molecules
2.3 Considerations in Gene Library Preparation
2.4 Genomic DNA Libraries
2.5 cDNA Libraries
2.6 Linkers and Adaptors
2.7 Enrichment Methods for RNA
2.8 Subtractive Hybridisation
2.9 Cloning PCR Products
3 Cloning Vectors
3.1 Plasmid Derived Cloning Vectors
3.1.1 Plasmid Selection Systems
3.1.2 pUC Plasmid Cloning Vectors
3.2 Virus-based Cloning Vectors
3.2.1 Insertion and Replacement Cloning Vectors
3.3 M 13 and Phagemid-based Cloning Vectors
3.3.1 Cloning into Single-stranded Phage Vectors
3.4 Cosmid-based Cloning Vectors 91
3.6 Yeast Artificial Chromosome (YAC) Cloning Vectors
3.5 Large Insert Capacity Cloning
3.7 Vectors Used in Eukaryotic Cells
4 Gene Probes and Hybridisation
4.1 Cloned DNA Probes
4.2 RNA Gene Probes
5 Screening Gene Libraries
5.1 Colony and Plaque Hybridisation
5.2 Gene Library Screening by PCR
5.3 Screening Expression cDNA Libraries
5.4 Hybrid Select/Arrest Translation
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
Recombinant DNA Technology (continued)
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
6 Applications of Gene Cloning
6.1 Sequencing Cloned DNA
6.2 In vitro Mutagenesis
6.3 Oligonucleotide-directed Mutagenesis
6.4 PCR- based Mut agenesis
7 Expression of Foreign Genes
7.1 Production of Fusion Proteins
7.2 Expression in Mammalian Cells
7.3 Display of Proteins on Bacteriophage
8 Analysing Genes and Gene Expression
8.1 Identifying and analysing mRNA
8.2 Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR)
8.3 Analysing Genes in situ
8.4 Transgenics and Gene Targeting
9 Microarrays and DNA Chips
10 Analysing Whole Genomes
10.1 Physical Genome Mapping
10.2 Gene Discovery and Localisation
10.3 Human Genome Mapping Project
|
5. The Expression of Foreign DNA in Bacteria
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Control of Gene Expression
2.1 Prokaryotes
2.2 Eukaryotes
3 The Expression of Eukaryotic Genes in Bacteria
3.1 Introns
3.2 Promoters
3.3 Ribsome Binding Site
3.4 Expression of Foreign DNA as Fusion Proteins
3.5 Expression of Native Proteins
4 Detecting Expression of Foreign Genes
5 Maximising Expression of Foreign DNA
5.1 Optimising Expression in E. coli
6 Alternative Host Organisms
7 Future Prospects
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
6. Downstream Processing: Protein Extraction and Purification
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Cell Disruption
2.1 Enzymic Methods of Cell Disruption
2.2 Chemical Methods of Cell Lysis
2.2.1 Alkali
2.2.2 Detergents
2.3 Physical Methods of Cell Lysis
2.3.1 Osmotic Shock
2.3.2 Grinding with Abrasives
2.3.3 Solid Shear
2.3.4 Liquid Shear
3 Initial Purification
3.1 Debris Removal
3.2 Batch Centrifuges
3.3 Continuous-flow Centrifugation
3.4 Basket Centrifuges
3.5 Membrane Filtration
4 Aqueous Two-phase Separation
5 Precipitation
5.1 Ammonium Sulfate
5.2 Organic Solvents
5.3 High Molecular Weight Polymers
5.4 Heat Precipitation
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
Downstream Processing (continued)
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
6 Chromatography
6.1 Scale-up and Quality Management
6.2 Method Selection
6.3 Selection of Matrix
6.4 Gel Filtration
6.5 Ion Exchange Chromatography
6.6 Affinity Chromatography
6.7 Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography
6.8 High Performance Chromatographic Techniques
6.9 Perfusion Chromatography
6.10 Expanded Bed Adsorption
6.1 1 Membrane Chromatography
6.12 Maintenance of Column Packing Materials
6.13 Equipment for Large-scale Chromatography
6.14 Control and Automation
7 Ultrafiltration
8 Design of Proteins for Purification
8.1 Inclusion Bodies
8.2 Affinity Tails
9 Future Trends
|
7. Yeast Cloning and Biotechnology
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Gene Manipulation in S. cerevisiae
2.1 Introducing DNA into Yeast
2.2 Yeast Selectable Markers
2.3 Vector Systems
3 Heterologous Protein Production
3.1 The Source of Heterologous DNA
3.2 The Level of Heterologous mRNA Present in the Cell
3.3 The Amount of Protein Produced
3.4 The Nature of the Required Product
4 Using Yeast to Analyse Genomes, Genes and
Protein-Protein Interactions
4.1 YAC Technology
4.2 Gene Knockouts
4.3 Novel Reporter Systems
5 Future Prospects
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
8. Cell culture and Cloning Genes in Mammalian Cell-lines Stem Cell Technology
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Methods of DNA Transfection
2.1 Calcium Phosphate Co-precipitation
2.2 DEAE-Dextran
2.3 Electroporation
2.4 Protoplast Fusion
2.5 Lipofection
2.6 Polybrene-DMSO Treatment
2.7 Microinjection
2.8 Scrapefection
3 Requirements for Gene Expression
4 The DNA Component
4.1 Use of Vectors
4.2 Plasmid-based Vectors
4.3 Virus-based Vectors
4.4 Adrenovirus Vectors
4.5 Retrovirus Vectors
4.6 Poxviral Vectors
4.7 Baculovirus Vectors
5 Some Considerations in Choice of Cell-line
6 Transient versus Stable Expression
6.1 Selection by Host Cell Defect Complementation
6.2 Dominant Selective Techniques
6.3 Amplifiable Selection Systems
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
9.
Transgenesis
and Gene Therapy
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 The Production of Transgenic Animals by Microinjection
2.1 Transgenic Mice
2.2 Transgenic Rats
2.3 Choice of Animal
2.4 Applications of Micro-injection Techniques to Other
Animals
2.5 Animal Cloning
3 Embryo Stem Cell Technology, Homologous Recombination
and Transgenesis
4 General Considerations
4.1 The Construct
4.2 Aberrant Expression
5 Design of the Transgenic Experiment
5.1 Investigating Gene Expression
5.2 Reduction of Gene Function
5.3 Cell Ablation
5.4 Conditional Gene Alteration
5.4.1 Inducible Gene Targeting Using the
5.4.2 Tet racycline/Tamoxi fen Cre-lox System
6 Commercial Applications
6.1 Biopharmaceuticals in Transgenic Animals
6.2 Xenografts
6.3 Toxicological Applications
6.4 Immortomouse
7 Future Prospects
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
10. Genetically Modified Foods and Biosafety Issues
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Legal Requirements in the Production of Novel Foods and
Processes
3 Foodcrops
4 Food Animals
5 Current Trends in Manufactured Foods
6 Consumer Acceptance and Market Forces
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
11. Protein Engineering
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
1.1 Protein Structures
2 Tools
2.1 Sequence Identification
2.2 Sequence Determination and Modelling
2.3 Sequence Modification
2.3.1 Site-directed Mutagenesis Methods
2.3.1.1 Non-PCR Methods
2.3.1.2 PCR-based Methods
2.4 Molecular Evolution
2.5 de novo Sequence Design
2.6 Expression
2.7 Analysis
3 Applications
3.1 Point Mutations
3.1.1 Betaseron/Betaferon (Interferon /3- 16)
3.1.2 Humalog (Lispro Insulin)
3.1.3 Novel Vaccine Adjuvants
3.2 Domain Shuffling (Linking, Swapping and
3.2.1 Linking Domains
3.2.1.1 Domain Fusions for Cell Targeting
3.2.1.2 Fused Cytokines
3.2.1.3 Fusions to Stabilize Dimeric Proteins
3.2.2 Swapping Protein Domains
3.2.2.1 Chimaeric Mouse-Human
3.2.2.2 Polyketide Synthases (PJCSs) Antibodies
3.2.3 Deleting Domains
3.3 Whole Protein Shuffling
3.4 Protein-Ligand Interactions
3.4.1 Enzyme Modifications
3.4.2 Hormone Agonists
3.4.3 Substitution of Binding Specificities
3.5 Towards de novo Design
3.5.1 de novo Design
4 Conclusions and Future Directions
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
12. Monoclonal Antibodies
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Antibody Structure
3 Preparation of Hybridomas by Somatic Cell Fusion
3.1Principle of the Technology
3.2 Choice of Myeloma Cell-line
3.3 Choice of Host for Production of Immune B-cells
3.4 Immunogen and Route of Immunization
3.5 Preparation of Myeloma Cell-line and Host Immune
Lymphocytes for Fusion
3.6 Hybridoma Formation by Somatic Cell Fusion
3.7 Screening Hybridoma Culture Supernatants
3.8 Cloning Hybridomas
3.9 Bulk Production, Isolation and Purification of
Monoclonal Antibodies
3.9.1 Bulk Production
3.9.2 Isolation and Purification
4 Examples of the Preparation of Rat Monoclonal Antibodies
Which Have Been Used to Investigate the Structural and Functional Properties
of Macromolecules
4.1 HIV I
gp120
4.2 mAbs to Growth Factor Receptors
4.3 Monoclonal Antibodies for Clinical Application
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
Monoclonal Antibodies (continued)
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
5 Generation of Monclonal Antibodies Using Recombinant Gene
Technology
5.1 Isolation of Immunoglobulin Variable Region Genes and
Expression on the Surface of Bacteriophage
5.1.1 Isolation of mRNA for VH and VL and Generation of
cDNA
5.1.2 PCR Amplification of cDNAs for Antibody VH and VL
5.1.3 Linking of VH and VL to Give scFv
5.1.4 Insertion of scFv into Phagemid Vector
5.1.5 Expression of scFv on the Surface of Bacteriophage
5.1.6 Screening Phage Display Libraries of Immunoglobulin
Genes
5.1.7 Preparation of Soluble scFv
5.1.8 Screening Supernatants Containing Soluble scFv
6 Monoclonal Antibodies in Biomedical Research
7 Monoclonal Antibodies in the Diagnosis and Treatment of
Disease
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
13. Vaccination
and Gene Manipulation
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Infectious Disease - The Scale of the Problem
2 Current Vaccination Strategies
2.1 Inactivated Vaccines
2.2 Live Attenuated Vaccines
2.3 The Relative Merits of Live versus Killed
Vaccines
3 The Role of Genetic Engineering in Vaccine
Identification, Analysis and Production
3.1 Identification and Cloning of Antigens with Vaccine
Potential
3.1.1 DNA/Oligonucleotide Hybridization
3.1.2 Hybrid Selection and Cell-free Translation
3. I .3 Expression Cloning
3.1.4 Genomic Sequencing
3.2 Analysis of Vaccine Antigens
3.2.1 B-cell Epitopes
3.2.2 T-cell Epitopes
3.3 Generation of Subunit Vaccines
3.3.1 Expression of Potential Vaccine Antigens
4 Improvement and Generation of New Live Attenuated
Vaccines
4.1 Improving Current Live Attenuated Vaccines
4.1.1 New Vaccines for Pseudorabies Virus
4.1.2 Improving Attenuation in Vibrio
4.1.3 Improving Stability - Poliovirus
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 ours
|
Vaccination and Gene Manipulation (continued)
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
4.2 Recombinant Live Vectors
4.2.1 Vaccinia Virus Recombinants
4.2.2 Recombinant BCG Vaccines
4.2.3 Attenuated Salmonella Strains as Live Bacterial
Vaccines
4.2.4 Poliovirus Chimaeras
4.2.5 Cross-species Vaccination, ‘Live-dead’ Vaccines
4.2.6 Other Virus Vectors
4.2.7 Recombinant E. coli Strains
5 Other Approaches to Vaccines
5.1 DNA Vaccines (Genetic Immunisation) cholerae
5.1.1 Optimizing Responses
5.1.2 RNA Immunisation
5.2 Peptide Vaccines
5.3 Anti-idiotypes
5.4 Enhancing Immunogenitity and Modifying Immune
Responses
5.4.1 Adjuvants, Carriers and Vehicles
5.4.2 Carriers
5.4.3 Mucosal Immunity
5.4.4 Modulation of Cytokine Profile
5.4.5 Modulation by Antigen Targeting
5.4.6 Modulation of Signalling
6 Summary and Conclusions
|
14. Biotechnology and Diagnostics
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Direct Detection of Gene Mutations
2.1 Detection of Deletions, Duplications and Insertions
2.2 Expansion Mutations
2.3 Point Mutations
2.3.1 Allele-specific Oligonucleotides
2.3.2 Restriction Enzyme Site Analysis
2.3.3 ‘ARMS’
2.3.4 Oligonucleotide Ligation
2.3.5 Fluorescently Labelled DNA Sequencing
3 Indirect Diagnosis with Linked Genetic Markers
4 Future Prospects
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
15.
Biotechnology in Forensic Science
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 MLP and SLP Technology
2.1 MLP/SLP Methods
2.1.1 Extraction and Purification of the DNA
2.1.2 Quantitation
2.1.3 Restriction Endonuclease Digestion of DNA
2.1.4 Electrophoretic Separation
2.1.5 Hybridization
2.2 Analysis of Results
3 PCR Technology
3.1 The First PCR-based Forensic System
4 Short Tandem Repeats
4.1 Method
4.1.1 Extraction of DNA
4.1.2 Quantitation of DNA
4.1.3 Amplification of DNA
4.1.4 Separation of Products
5 Databases
6 Interpretation of the Results
7 Mitochondria1 DNA
8 Y Chromosome Analysis
9 Recent developments
9.1 Capillary Electrophoresis
9.2 DNA Chip Technology
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
16. Applicatiion of BT in Pharmaceutical Research
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Molecular Biology of Disease and in vivo Transgenic
Models
3 Genomic Protein Targets and Recombinant Therapeutics
4 Structural Biology and Rational Drug Design
5 Chemical Biology and Molecular Diversity
6 Gene Therapy and DNA/RNA-Targeted Therapeutics
7 Future Prospects in Pharmaceutical Research
8 Conclusions
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
17. Immobilization of Biocatalysts
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 Biocatalysts
2.1 Enzymes
2.1.1 Specificity
2.1.2 Catalytic Power
2.2 Ri bozymes
2.3 Abzymes
2.4 Multienzyme Complexes
2.4.1 PDC
2.4.2 Proteosome
2.4.3 Cellulosome
2.4.4 Multienzyme Complexes and Immobilization Technology
2.5 Cells
2.5.1 Animal Cells
2.5.2 Plant Cells
2.5.3 Microorganisms (Bacteria, Yeast and Filamentous
Fungi)
2.6 Biocatalyst Selection
3 Immobilization
3.1 Choice of Support Material
3.1.1 Next Generation of Support Material
3.2 Choice of Immobilization Procedure
3.2.1 Adsorption
3.2.2 Covalent Binding
3.2.3 Entrapment
3.2.4 Encapsulation
3.2.5 Cross-linking
4 Properties of Immobilized Biocatalysts
4.1 Stability
4.2 Catalytic Activity
5 Applications
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
18. Biosensors
Learning Objectives
|
Contents
|
Laboratory aids
|
Hours / days
|
At the end of the course, students will:
|
1 Importance and Basic principles
2 The Biological Reaction
3 Theory
4 Electrochemical Methods
4.1 Amperometric Biosensors
4.2 Potentiometric Biosensors
4.3 Conductimetric Biosensors
5 Calorimetric Biosensors
6 Piezoelectric Biosensors
7 Optical Biosensors
7.1 Evanescent Wave Biosensors
7.2 Surface Plasmon Resonance
8 Whole Cell Biosensors
9 Immunosensors
|
Lecture –
12 hours
Practical –
24 hours
Seminars-
4 hours
Discussion-
10 hours
|
ATTAINMENT OF OBJECTIVES
Type
|
Action
|
Who will do?
|
Explanation / Comment
|
Short term
(two year)
|
Finalization of curriculum,
define the requirements (including human power, and laboratory facilities),
selection of institutes, and start course in two places.
|
GoB
|
|
Intermediate
(next five years)
|
Total review of process and
assurance of the quality of the first initiatives.
|
GoB and Private
|
|
Start courses in five more
institutes
|
|||
Long term
(next ten years)
|
Quality improvement
|
PPP
|
|
Start course in 20 more
institutes
|
GoB and Private
|
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